Description
NADPH OXIDASE 1, also known as NOH1, MOX1 or GP91-2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOX1 gene. It is also a homolog of the catalytic subunit of the superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes, gp91phox. It is expressed in colon, prostate, uterus, and vascular smooth muscle, but not in peripheral blood leukocytes. The deduced 564-amino acid NOX1 protein, which is 58% identical to CYBB, contains 6 membrane-spanning regions, conserved flavin and pyridine nucleotide-binding sites, and histidines possibly involved in heme ligation. Overexpression of NOX1 in NIH3T3 cells increased superoxide generation and cell growth. Cells expressing NOX1 had a transformed appearance, showed anchorage-independent growth, and produced tumors in athymic mice. Disruption of either Nox1 or Nox2 significantly delayed progression of motor neuron disease in these mice. However, 50% survival rates were enhanced significantly more by Nox2 deletion than Nox1 deletion